Java实现微信网页授权的示例代码

网友投稿 311 2023-07-23

Java实现微信网页授权的示例代码

开发前的准备:

注意,这里仅需填写全域名(如qq.com、baidu.com),勿加 http:// 等协议头及具体的地址字段;

我们可以通过使用Ngrok来虚拟一个域名映射到本地开发环境,网址https://ngrok.cc/,大家自己去下载学习怎么使用

同时还需要扫一下这个二维码

授权步骤:

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权,获取code

2、通过code换取网页授权access_token(与基础支持中的access_token不同)

3、通过网页授权access_token和openid获取用户基本信息

先看一下我的项目结构:

web.xml相关代码:

WxAuth

index.html

index.htm

index.jsp

default.html

default.htm

default.jsp

wxCallBack

com.xingshang.servlet.CallBackSerclet

dbUrl

jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/wxauth

driverClassName

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

userName

root

passWord

123456

1

wxCallBack

/wxCallBack

AuthUtil工具类:

package com.xingshang.util;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class AuthUtil {

public static final String APPID = "wx45c1428e5584fcdb";

public static final String APPSECRET = "98174450eb706ada330f37e646be85d5";

public static JSONObject doGetJson(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{

JSONObject jsonObject = null;

//首先初始化HttpClient对象

DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

//通过get方式进行提交

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);

//通过HTTPclient的execute方法进行发送请求

HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);

//从response里面拿自己想要的结果

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if(entity != null){

String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");

jsonObject = jsonObject.fromObject(result);

}

//把链接释放掉

httpGet.releaseConnection();

return jsonObject;

}

}

Java实现:

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权,获取code

这一步其实就是将需要授权的页面url拼接到微信的认证请求接口里面,比如需要用户在访问页面 时进行授权认证

其中的scope参数有两个值:

snsapi_base:只能获取到用户openid。好处是静默认证,无需用户手动点击认证按钮,感觉上像是直接进入网站一样。

snsapi_userinfo:可以获取到openid、昵称、头像、所在地等信息。需要用户手动点击认证按钮。

相关代码

package com.xingshang.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.xingshang.util.AuthUtil;

/**

* 入口地址

* @author Administrator

*

*/

@WebServlet("/wxLogin")

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

/**

*

*/

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

//第一步:引导用户进入授权页面同意授权,获取code

//回调地址

// String backUrl = "http://subyVeZVVDmJliu.free.ngrok.cc/WxAuth/callBack"; //第1种情况使用

String backUrl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/WxAuth/wxCallBack";//第2种情况使用,这里是web.xml中的路径

//授权页面地址

String url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="+AuthUtil.APPID

+ "&redirect_uri="+URLEncoder.encode(backUrl)

+ "&response_type=code"

+ "&scope=snsapi_userinfo"

+ "&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";

//重定向到授权页面

response.sendRedirect(url);

}

}

2、通过第一步获取的code换取网页授权access_token(与基础支持中的access_token不同)

这一步需要在控制器中获取微信回传给我们的code,通过这个code来请求access_token,通过access_token和openid获取用户基本信息:

相关代码:

package com.xingshang.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.xingshang.util.AuthUtil;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**

* 回调地址

* @author Administrator

*

*/

//@WebServlet("/callBack")

public class CallBackSerclet extends HttpServlet {

/**

*

*/

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private String dbUrl;

private String driverClassName;

private String userName;

private String passWord;

private Connection conn =null;

private PreparedStatement ps =null;

private ResultSet rs = null;

//初始化数据库

@Override

public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {

//加载驱动

try {

this.dbUrl = config.getInitParameter("dbUrl");

this.driverClassName = config.getInitParameter("driverClassName");

this.userName = config.getInitParameter("userName");

this.passWord = config.getInitParameter("passWord");

Class.forName(driverClassName);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

//第二步:通过code换取网页授权access_token

//从request里面获取code参数(当微信服务器访问回调地址的时候,会把code参数传递过来)

String code = request.getParameter("code");

System.out.println("code:"+code);

//获取code后,请求以下链接获取access_token

String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + AuthUtil.APPID

+ "&secret=" + AuthUtil.APPSECRET

+ "&code=" + code

+ "&grant_type=authorization_code";

//通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口

JSONObject jsonObject = AuthUtil.doGetJson(url);

System.out.println("==========================jsonObject"+jsonObject);

//从返回的JSON数据中取出access_token和openid,拉取用户信息时用

String token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");

String openid = jsonObject.getString("openid");

// 第三步:刷新access_token(如果需要)

// 第四步:拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)

String infoUrl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + token

+ "&openid=" + openid

+ "&lang=zh_CN";

//通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口

JSONObject userInfo = AuthUtil.doGetJson(infoUrl);

Systhttp://em.out.println(userInfo);

//第1种情况:使用微信用户信息直接登录,无需注册和绑定

// request.setAttribute("info", userInfo);

//直接跳转

// request.getRequestDispatcher("/index1.jsp").forward(request, response);

//第2种情况: 将微信与当前系统的账号进行绑定(需将第1种情况和@WebServlet("/callBack")注释掉)

//第一步,根据当前openid查询数据库,看是否该账号已经进行绑定

try {

String nickname = getNickName(openid);

if(!"".equals(nickname)){

//已绑定

request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);

request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);

}else{

//未绑定

request.setAttribute("openid", openid);

request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

//数据库的查询

public String getNickName(String openid) throws SQLException{

String nickName = "";

//创建数据库链接

conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);

String sql = "select nickname from user where openid = ?";

ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

ps.setString(1, openid);

rs = ps.executeQuery();

while (rs.next()) {

nickName = rs.getString("nickname");

}

//关闭链接

rs.close();

ps.close();

conn.close();

return nickName;

}

//数据库的修改(openid的綁定)

public int updateUser(String account,String password,String openid) throws SQLException{

//创建数据库链接

conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);

String sql = "update user set openid = ? where account = ? and password = ?";

ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

ps.setString(1, openid);

ps.setString(2, account);

ps.setString(3, password);

int temp = ps.executeUpdate();

//关闭链接

rs.close();

ps.close();

conn.close();

return temp;

}

//post方法,用来接受登录请求

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

String account = request.getParameter("account");

String password = request.getParameter("password");

String openid = request.getParameter("openid");

try {

int temp = updateUser(account, password, openid);

if(temp > 0){

String nickname = getNickName(openid);

request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);

request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);

System.out.println("账号绑定成功");

}else{

System.out.println("账号绑定失败");

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

微信公众授权登录

index1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

index2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

最后附上需要的jar包

到此,微信授权登录成功,如果有运行问题请自行调试,我这边能正常运行的

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