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2022-08-24
Objective-C语法之异常处理
Objective-C的异常比较像Java的异常处理,也有@finally的处理,不管异常是否捕获都都要执行。
异常处理捕获的语法:
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@try {<#statements#>}catch (NSException *exception) {<#handler#>}@finally {<#statements#>}
我们自定义两个异常类,看看异常异常处理的使用。
1、新建SomethingException,SomeOverException这两个类,都继承与NSException类。
SomethingException.h
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#import
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#import "SomethingException.h"@implementation SomethingException@end
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#import
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#import "SomeOverException.h"@implementation SomeOverException@end
2、新建Box类,在某些条件下产生异常。
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#import
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@implementation Box-(id) init {self = [super init];if ( self ) {[self setNumber: 0];}return self;}-(void) setNumber: (NSInteger) num {number = num;if ( number > 10 ) {NSException *e = [SomeOverException"BoxOverflowException""The level is above 100"userInfo: nil];throw e;else if ( number >= 6 ) {// throw warningNSException *e = [SomethingException"BoxWarningException""The level is above or at 60"userInfo: nil];throw e;else if ( number < 0 ) {// throw exceptionNSException *e = [NSException"BoxUnderflowException""The level is below 0"userInfo: nil];throw e;}}-(void) pushIn {[self setNumber: number + 1];}-(void) pullOut {[self setNumber: number - 1];}-(void) printNumber {"Box number is: %d", number);}@end
这里写 [SomeOverException exceptionWithName:@"BoxOverflowException" reason:@"The level is above 100"异常的名称和理由,在捕获时可以获取。
3、使用Box,在适当添加下捕获Box类的异常
3.1、在没超过6时,没有异常
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- (void)viewDidLoad{[super viewDidLoad];NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];Box *box = [[Box alloc]init];for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {[box pushIn];[box printNumber];}}
Box number is: 1
Box number is: 2
Box number is: 3
Box number is: 4
Box number is: 5
3.2 超过6,产生异常
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for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {[box pushIn];[box printNumber];}
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2012-07-04 09:12:05.889 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] Box number is: 12012-07-04 09:12:05.890 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] Box number is: 22012-07-04 09:12:05.890 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] Box number is: 32012-07-04 09:12:05.890 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] Box number is: 42012-07-04 09:12:05.891 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] Box number is: 52012-07-04 09:12:05.891 ObjectiveCTest[648:f803] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'BoxWarningException', reason: 'The number is above or at 60'
3.3、加上异常处理
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for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {try {[box pushIn];}catch (SomethingException *exception) {"%@ %@", [exception name], [exception reason]);}catch (SomeOverException *exception) {"%@", [exception name]);}@finally {[box printNumber];}}
运行,程序没有崩溃,打印结果:
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2012-07-04 09:14:35.165 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 12012-07-04 09:14:35.167 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 22012-07-04 09:14:35.167 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 32012-07-04 09:14:35.167 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 42012-07-04 09:14:35.167 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 52012-07-04 09:14:35.167 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxWarningException The number is above or at 602012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 62012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxWarningException The number is above or at 602012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 72012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxWarningException The number is above or at 602012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 82012-07-04 09:14:35.168 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxWarningException The number is above or at 602012-07-04 09:14:35.169 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 92012-07-04 09:14:35.169 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxWarningException The number is above or at 602012-07-04 09:14:35.169 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 102012-07-04 09:14:35.169 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] BoxOverflowException2012-07-04 09:14:35.225 ObjectiveCTest[688:f803] Box number is: 11
3.4 、小于0时的异常
在Box类的setNumber里,当number小于0时,我们抛出普通异常。
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@try {[box setNumber:-10];}catch (NSException *exception) {"%@",[exception name]);}@finally {[box printNumber];}
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2012-07-04 09:17:42.405 ObjectiveCTest[753:f803] BoxUnderflowException2012-07-04 09:17:42.406 ObjectiveCTest[753:f803] Box number is: -10
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