Java 实现常见的非对称加密算法

Java 实现常见的非对称加密算法

概述

非对称加密算法与对称加密算法的主要http://差别在于非对称加密算法用于加密和解密的密钥不相同，非对称加密算法密钥分为公钥和私钥，公钥加密只能用私钥解密，反之私钥加密只能用公钥解密。相比对称加密算法，非对称加密算法加/解密效率低，但安全性高，这两种算法一般结合使用。常见非对称加密算法有RSA、ECC、Elgamal等。

使用RSA实现加密解密

公钥加密，私钥解密。

package com.ss.utils;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import java.security.KeyFactory;

import java.security.KeyPair;

import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;

import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

import java.util.Base64;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

public class RsaUtil {

public static final String KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY = "privateKey";

public static final String KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY = "publicKey";

/**

* 生成公钥和私钥

*

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

*/

public static Map generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {

Map resultMap = new HashMap<>();

KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");

KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();

Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

resultMap.put(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY, encoder.encodeToString(keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded()));

resultMap.put(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY, encoder.encodeToString(keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded()));

return resultMap;

}

/**

* RSA加密

* @param key

* @param content

* @param keyType

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static String rsaEncrypt(String key, String content, String keyType) throws Exception {

return rsa(key, content.getBytes(), keyType, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE);

}

/**

* RSA解密

* @param key

* @param content

* @param keyType

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static String rsaDecrypt(String key, String content, String keyType) throws Exception {

return rsa(key, Base64.getDecoder().decode(content), keyType, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);

}

private static String rsa(String key, byte[] content, String keyType, int mode) throws Exception {

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

if (KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY.equals(keyType)) {

cipher.init(mode, keyFactory.generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(key))));

} else {

cipher.init(mode, keyFactory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(key))));

}

byte[] bytes = cipher.doFinal(content);

return mode == Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE ? new String(bytes) : Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes);

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

String content = "大王叫我来巡山呐";

//生成密钥对

Map keyMap = generateKey();

System.out.println("私钥：" + keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY));

System.out.println("公钥：" + keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY));

//私钥加密，公钥解密

String privateKeyData = rsaEncrypt(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY), content, KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY);

System.out.println("私钥加密：" + privateKeyData);

System.out.println("公钥解密：" + rsaDecrypt(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY), privateKeyData, KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY));

//公钥加密，私钥解密

String publicKeyData = rsaEncrypt(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY), content, KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY);

System.out.println("公钥加密：" + publicKeyData);

System.out.println("私钥解密：" + rsaDecrypt(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY), publicKeyData, KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY));

}

}

输出

私钥：MIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQDQPZnj0+/uh5jG0/rqVsXKLve7wTw2LVEwdBhm+SPrLoHYb4+6idNeF4bWgTqNRs2hfewq5cyiwXujT+eqp0g1ebSLWSUWzBsktynQMggxb8IwtnFYzmZX7BSAUudrfTre74RtKS0krYY5PCXCGR/EGbbXMVv1m2S59BrkWEI8c/iORhRAJ5/pqRW/51cIimPx9iTYx/QZC4VsCRi8ZrBaXcJhEi4Y/YzOFhfITID4ATis0Z3yw3FVybKzJo3Nexupcec5qaLBlwuDkY6E4NgQq51bjBCUB78RgXFLdaVtfBu9Vr7pRdqrh7sD//kpiicjiLJvmcLG9egXrkHRlm2TAgMBAAECggEAes75hM0mwOujBA9b+Pu3pedRHp91XRYYvZSaF5ByyG4jEXuprf8+ck05riOEXnEVMFpM/3eK2al1uviSzafeA/uEqHGoV+uDToHe3PPEtTMNuSC/c/o1jUCjTpKV/GRcZcGnvaD9CJZ1hCeetPuQKlxn4j0v2IcOPkRh36zVU0SZJKu5Ltt6iyGbpk6qqlpLnX93Ez5weWLnuolgjF34JBDQpc/zZjHwC8/avE81cJ3dUQR55l9QiwZUoMQ2eDWO1UcPAEqRssNAwEHbQJFSJmqtvg1yuSSvPIGB5ATPlTu7EoOLFMOQm3qoAxX7/FR9uU50wHivyZrRyKV4CdiLcQKBgQDuj6bh1WUQRIBU5ZOtljbs73RdYYbS1uUHubizQ3rqrNo3+TmaVu+7H3DPPI0L21YVpjXuPMUVkix+KA7HiDqULxx0yZMsdqXmggOT2QFEjGdueMFAJw09jAHnCIwuxmn3f94XAvV6N+Hfhjy31RGPQhjFGn6QQ16a3NI46CD6VwKBgQDfdorB9Wm0H6QJ8AYAQuHAiFJnXeOzN0q2407F5kx8XkAKwKaI7ybGZbiYESxFTe0AdVQlYRJbAby1iUW/OGOS+Ia5buzCo+BqrP6RxzLDYVClyXS3WFSLPKko6WIscS+uOF36mWWn34YYH/ktT8B/hUNFUD+PEctkrklONkZZJQKBgQCsn9hTbHYgKmFujV2qa5s9IhzjAZjs+MFsMLD9TuQf8opJnJdZHnWEw0B/RUKPBN0q90XpKaI3dLmrZFMlgWdaGSkPPVm4//YWcZgjIREwyCSEJO85+8gx9CDgTCgcJMlDJgzQO/zjvpI8i8deAtkc/+gqoHxa6dUIXKfmM9rBKwKBgFxIv0sUh5+8hWkZN9E5zbNOWQGZM6Tai791ph1yW1ntLnOCVgQtB41dits6FFdWtC7BRYveR89Pq1gpJaWvqueSPUktNxe2x8ImSUd4xU0Mzlp5FPt2vgt2dMGRiFqkL7W6T41jdija1az231fIHM5NAZgJaQYzqhSdKWbkYS8FAoGBAOciP4bEln64PnvuZtYnZNvt/5PHB4ssZ3S1WExyTtI7328ZKAsi3F7PjxCh7gviXfEI2t3AcVwpPaJYveL3Zg/jl2x6zNSLDW8kgNhAJE221u3pZefeidvIWwki/OXWtRqyoACteLnEb6lbM3tKdltWZOryQTiXqGdTluLEQLE0

公钥：MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA0D2Z49Pv7oeYxtP66lbFyi73u8E8Ni1RMHQYZvkj6y6B2G+PuonTXheG1oE6jUbNoX3sKuXMosF7o0/nqqdINXm0i1klFswbJLcp0DIIMW/CMLZxWM5mV+wUgFLna3063u+EbSktJK2GOTwlwhkfxBm21zFb9ZtkufQa5FhCphp4jkYUQCef6akVv+dXCIpj8fYk2Mf0GQuFbAkYvGawWl3CYRIuGP2MzhYXyEyA+AE4rNGd8sNxVcmysyaNzXsbqXHnOamiwZcLg5GOhODYEKudW4wQlAe/EYFxS3WlbXwbvVa+6UXaq4e7A//5KYonI4iyb5nCxvXoF65B0ZZtkwIDAQAB

私钥加密：V9kG4o3nceI4a19t/V5431v9Ek1PiV3FZokfnRNBor/RBymwDX4rsGNHEYuyN6/sbbD56r3ij5tUpShXFlcHrzVH4IfD4ySbvNNeMs2FrZLF3zvQmwRKDPH6SJ0DEczi5N97Vfh4b2tfyLT8iX3t9LPWgEj5mB7MXiYPc56mza+ZAqDduxWWsm6Emm81uKn97wZnasg8zXlDbhRttVTWhszbDhrFqsgd2sb8ZZUZIuiGTaIg7U6Slc5x9uS3UVACXXVyMCmxiVutQtg3Z4kt80ruh7xO0hl4cWk6P2Tg0ncaIQn/5vKsO2UXr/EsCb2rchWN3ZBHTVyQ83v/EHDtQw==

公钥解密：大王叫我来巡山呐

公钥加密：aartOyClfEIz1JT5nghpTbXxLZEOovm+vwvg+u3Tw8t5LOF+C7Gg/uxUP8Hm5jEkN6JfBHaMWTKg0RQ2xf3CCuXcLIpYVCOUwADwd05E8guEfZBT8FIp8jghCz2j+lAIiTfGZvsK9qUdZEmwTAEjV6uP4avF6njriglGJ4KhcYXEO66tOJWe2nQ1hyYXEHS43h9F0dtlWDjF6Xr6wdmUALnhprHDwKPdT/1T8p7+M5Fz7fUC7TJulBHWCSZvhgl405PvN+iTv7VysBJKRPks1JnmMe6BxFyhxXZfNRHmUyQvTMSfWt/A5gOy8ao/SOwWv0QMSh5NbocSd/tpjn27kw==

私钥解密：大王叫我来巡山呐

使用RSA实现数字签名

私钥签名，公钥验证。

package com.ss.utils;

import java.security.*;

import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;

import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

import java.util.Base64;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

public class SignatureUtil {

public static final String KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY = "privateKey";

public static final String KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY = "publicKey";

/**

* 生成公钥和私钥

*

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

*/

public static Map generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {

Map resultMap = new HashMap<>();

KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");

KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();

Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

resultMap.put(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY, encoder.encodeToString(keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded()));

resultMap.put(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY, encoder.encodeToString(keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded()));

return resultMap;

}

/**

* 私钥签名

* @param privateKeyStr

* @param content

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static String generateSignature(String privateKeyStr, String content) throws Exception {

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA1withRSA");

PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKeyStr)));

signature.initSign(privateKey);

signature.update(content.getBytes());

return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(signature.sign());

}

/**

* 公钥验证

* @param publicKeyStr

* @param content

* @param sign

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static boolean verifySignatuhUJaupdBre(String publicKeyStr, String content, String sign) throws Exception {

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA1withRSA");

PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKeyStr)));

signature.initVerify(publicKey);

signature.update(content.getBytes());

return signature.verify(Base64.getDecoder().decode(sign));

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

String content = "大王叫我来巡山呐";

//生成密钥对

Map keyMap = generateKey();

//私钥签名

String sign = generateSignature(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PRIVATE_KEY), content);

System.out.println("私钥签名：" + sign);

//公钥验证

boolean verifyResult = verifySignature(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY), content, sign);

System.out.println("公钥验证：" + verifyResult);

//将内容做下修改，再进行公钥验证

boolean verifyResult2 = verifySignature(keyMap.get(KEY_TYPE_PUBLIC_KEY), content + "啦啦啦啦", sign);

System.out.println("公钥验证：" + verifyResult2);

}

}

输出

私钥签名：XDWeOUVZhXNPl58mcmRK8ht9TAhnREc+NlnSs2b6PCJuj29ABuoXsjZeJqSspGw8hm9ckHVSTrUt8pX4BFBFzrINDRBsx3TdLp2L8nMkhjFUfo0qcyZo8ReEGFCNr0ergkq2W1Me/5W40GrQz4cJcQ4KV/QWzD8YHWcnDvKg9Q0nXJSngyhJTzUB8o/pgo/tmkA9+bWW212UD9nzEXu5aoPEcYyoo3iFWRX5o9Jgg6ZF+exmWizwZHkg4eD1zC5IN3m4yRS6GRbnZInEuDsOMp9W7HouDLUirkFZiSkyW+DVto+L6CE5eNBrWC52zxiNkVBlkyYKOatSpcrQrtnyiQ==

公钥验证：true

公钥验证：false

以上就是Java 实现常见的非对称加密算法的详细内容，更多关于Java 非对称加密算法的资料请关注我们其它相关文章！

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