SpringCloud 2020

网友投稿 290 2023-01-25

SpringCloud 2020

1、概述

官网:https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon/wiki/Getting-Started

LB(负载均衡)

集中式LB

进程内LB

Ribbon就是负载均衡+RestTemplate调用

2、Ribbon负载均衡演示

1、架构说明

总结:Ribbon其实就是一个软负载均衡的客户端组件,他可以和其他所需请求的客户端结合使用,和eureka结合只是其中的一个实例。

2、

3、二说RestTemplate的使用

官网

修改cloud-conshttp://umer-order80

getForObject方法/getForEntity方法

postForObject/postForEntity

GET请求方法

POST请求方法

4、依次2启动7001,7002,8001,8002,80。访问:http://localhost/consumer/payment/getForEntity/31

3、Ribbon核心组件IRule

IRule:根据特定算法从服务列表中选取一个要访问的服务

Ribbon自带负载均衡算法:

如何替换负载均衡算法:修改cloud-consumer-order80

1、注意配置细节

2、新建package

3、在myrule下面新建配置类MySelfRule

package com.liukai.myrule;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**

* @author liukai

* @version 1.0.0

* @ClassName MySelfRule.java

* @Description TODO

* @createTihttp://me 2021年03月21日 11:50:00

*/

@Configuration

public class MySelfRule {

@Bean(name = "myRandomRule")

public IRule myRule(){

return new RandomRule();//定义为随机

}

}

4、主启动类添加@RibbonClient

package com.liukai.springcloud;

import com.liukai.myrule.MySelfRule;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbohttp://n.RibbonClient;

/**

* @author liukai

* @version 1.0.0

* @ClassName OrderMain80.java

* @Description TODO

* @createTime 2021年03月19日 18:27:00

*/

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableEurekaClient

@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MySelfRule.class)

public class OrderMain80 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class);

}

}

5、测试:依次启动7001,7002,8001,8002,cloud-consumer-order80

访问:http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31

多方问几次,可以发现查询的端口号是随机的,而不是交替出现了

4、Ribbon负载均衡算法

4.1 原理 + 源码

1、注释掉cloud-consumer-order80主启动类的@RibbonClient

2、原理

3、源码:

public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key) {

if (lb == null) {

log.warn("no load balancer");

return null;

}

Server server = null;

int count = 0;

while (server == null && count++ < 10) {

List reachableServers = lb.getReachableServers();

List allServers = lb.getAllServers();

int upCount = reachableServers.size();

int serverCount = allServers.size();

if ((upCount == 0) || (serverCount == 0)) {

log.warn("No up servers available from load balancer: " + lb);

return null;

}

int nextServerIndex = incrementAndGetModulo(serverCount);

server = allServers.get(nextServerIndex);

if (server == null) {

/* Transient. */

Thread.yield();

continue;

}

if (server.isAlive() && (server.isReadyToServe())) {

return (server);

}

// Next.

server = null;

}

if (count >= 10) {

log.warn("No available alive servers after 10 tries from load balancer: "

+ lb);

}

return server;

}

/**

* Inspired by the implementation of {@link AtomicInteger#incrementAndGet()}.

*

* @param modulo The modulo to bound the value of the counter.

* @return The next value.

*/

private int incrementAndGetModulo(int modulo) {

for (;;) {

int current = nextServerCyclicCounter.get();

int next = (current + 1) % modulo;

if (nextServerCyclicCounter.compareAndSet(current, next))

return next;

}

}

4.2 手写负载均衡算法

1、修改8001,8002的controller

// 手写负载均衡需要用到

@GetMapping(value = "/payment/lb")

public String getPaymentLB(){

return serverPort;

}

2、cloud-consumer-order80的ApplicationContextBean去掉@LoadBalanced

3、新建接口LoadBalancer

package com.liukai.springcloud.lb;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import java.util.List;

/**

* @author liukai

* @version 1.0.0

* @ClassName LoadBalancer.java

* @Description TODO

* @createTime 2021年03月21日 12:24:00

*/

public interface LoadBalancer {

//收集服务器总共有多少台能够提供服务的机器,并放到list里面

ServiceInstance instances(List serviceInstances);

}

4、新建实现类MyLB

package com.liukai.springcloud.lb;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**

* @author liukai

* @version 1.0.0

* @ClassName MyLB.java

* @Description TODO

* @createTime 2021年03月21日 12:27:00

*/

@Component

public class MyLB implements LoadBalancer {

private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0);

//坐标

private final int getAndIncrement() {

int current;

int next;

do {

current = this.atomicInteger.get();

next = current >= 2147483647 ? 0 : current + 1;

} while (!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current, next)); //第一个参数是期望值,第二个参数是修改值是

System.out.print("*******第几次访问,次数next: " + next);

return next;

}

@Override

public ServiceInstance instances(List serviceInstances) { //得到机器的列表

int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstances.size(); //得到服务器的下标位置

System.out.println(" ====>端口:" + serviceInstances.get(index).getPort());

return serviceInstances.get(index);

}

}

5、修改OrderController

@Resource

private LoadBalancer loadBalancer;

@Resource

private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/lb")

public String getPaymentLB(){

List instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");

if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0){

return null;

}

// instances.forEach(System.out::println);

// 使用手写的负载均衡算法获取服务

ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances);

// 获取服务的地址

URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri();

// 拼接地址访问

return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/payment/lb",String.class);

}

6、测试:访问 http://localhost/consumer/payment/lb

发现访问的端口号开始轮询出现,手写负载均衡轮询算法成功

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