java实现图书管理系统

java实现图书管理系统

本文通过实例为whiXyPg大家分享了java实现图书管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

一、背景介绍

通过一段时间java编程的学习，需要一个比较综合的实例来进行编程的练习，是一个对前段时间所学内容进行总合提升的一个契机。选择了图书管理系统，会用到的javaSE知识有：变量、包、继承、类、接口、循环结构等。是一个很综合的典例。

二、核心需求

1.用户可以登录到系统上 分为 管理员、普通用户两种角色，这两种不同的角色根据自己的身份可以实现不同的操作。

普通用户

a）查阅某个书籍的信息

b）借阅书籍

c)   归还书籍

d）退出程序

管理员

a）查阅某个书籍的信息

b）增加书籍

c)   删除书籍

d）查看书籍列表

e）退出程序

程序框架结构图

三、代码以及详解

1.User类

package booksystem;

import booksystem.operation.IOperation;

abstract public class User {

protected String name;//定义书名

protected IOperation[] operations;//定义一个接口数组

public abstract int menu();//是用户和管理员的父类，不进行实例化，所以定义为抽象方法

public void doOperation(int choice,BookList bookList){

IOperation operation=this.operations[choice-1];

operation.work(bookList);

}

}

User类是NormalUser类和Admin类的父类，由于不需要实例化，将menu（）函数定义为了抽象函数。

2.NormalUser类

package booksystem;

import booksystem.operation.*;

import booksystem.operation.IOperation;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User {

public NormalUser(String name) {

this.name = name;

this.operations = new IOperation[]

{

new FindOperation(),

new BorrowOperation(),

new ReturnOperation(),

new ExitOperation(),

};

}

@Override

public int menu(){

System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");

System.out.println("Hello"+name+"Welcome to use booksyetem");

System.out.println("1.查阅书籍信息");

System.out.println("2.借阅书籍");

System.out.println("3.归还书籍");

System.out.println("4.退出系统");

System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");

System.out.println("请输入您的选择：");

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

int choice=scanner.nextInt();

return choice;//返回一个整型数

}

}

NormalUser类针对与普通用户而编写，在代码中定义了一个接口数组，在其中添加了普通用户需要用到的查阅、借阅、归还、退出系统的四大功能，在menu（）函数中也按照同样的顺序，menu（）函数是重写父类的，所以为了提醒编译器，在函数头前加上了 @Override进行提示。

3.Admin类

package booksystem;

import booksystem.operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Admin extends User {

public Admin(String name){

this.name=name;

this.operations=new IOperation[]{

new FindOperation(),

new AddOperation(),

new DelOperation(),

new DisplayOperation(),

new ExitOperation(),

};

}

@Override

public int menu(){

System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");

System.out.println("Hello"+name+"Welcome to use booksyetem");

System.out.println("1.查阅书籍信息");

System.out.println("2.新增书籍信息");

System.out.println("3.删除书籍信息");

System.out.println("4.退出系统");

System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");

System.out.println("请输入您的选择：");

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

int choice=scanner.nextInt();

return choice;

}

}

Admin类编写的思路和NormalUser类的思路相同，区别在于用户界面的不同，对应要使用的功能也不同，分别是查阅、新增、删除和退出系统。

4.Book类

package booksystem;

public class Book {

private String name;

private String author;

private double price;

private String type;

private boolean isBorrowed = false;

public Book(String name, String author, double price, String type) {

this.name = name;

this.author = author;

this.price = price;

this.type = type;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Book{" +

"name=" + name + '\'' + ",author" + author + '\'' + ",price=" + price + ",type='"

+ '\'' + type + '\'' + ",isBorrow=" + isBorrowed + '}';

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public boolean isBorrowed(){

return isBorrowed;

}

public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed){

isBorrowed=borrowed;

}

}

5.BookList类

package booksystem;

public class BookList {

private Book[] books=new Book[100];//定义一book数组

private int size=0;

public BookList(){

books[0]=new Book("计算机网络教程","郝文源",125,"专业书籍");

books[1]=new Book("盗墓笔记","南派三叔",150,"网络小说");

books[2]=new Book("三体","刘慈欣",178,"科幻小说");

size = 3;

}//给book数组中初始化一些书

public Book getBook(int index){

return books[index];

}

public void setBook(int index,Book book)

{

books[index]=book;

}

public int getSize(){

return size;

}

public void setSize(int size){

this.size=size;

}

}

BookList类中定义了一个book数组，并给数组中初始化了一些书，定义了常用的功能函数

6.Main类

package booksystem;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args){

Object o=null;

BookList booklist= new BookList();

User user=login();//上转型，这里先调用了login（）函数，返回一个Admin对象或NormalUser对象

while(true){

int choice=user.menu();

user.doOperation(choice,booklist);

}//在进行退出系统的功能时，会一直进行循环，menu（）函数最终会返回一个整型数，对应选择操作中的一项

}

public static User login() {

System.out.println("请输入您的姓名");

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

String name = scanner.next();

System.out.println("请输入您的角色：1 管理员 0 普通用户");//根据不同的选择创建对应的对象

int who = scanner.nextInt();

if (who == 1) {

return new Admin(name);

}

return new NormalUser(name);

}

}

主函数中主要实现了login（）函数，根据登录系统用户的选择，决定不同的身份，返回两种对象中的一种，在while循环中，只要不进行exit功能，循环便会一直执行。

7.IOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public interface IOperation {

void work(BookList bookList);

}

9.AddOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.Book;

import booksystem.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList){

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("新增书籍");

System.out.println("请输入新书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

String author=scanner.next();

System.out.println("请输入新书籍的价格");

double price=scanner.nextDouble();

System.out.println("请输入新书籍的类别");

String type=scanner.next();

Book newBook=new Book(name,author,price,type);

int curSize=bookList.getSize();

bookList.setBook(curSize,newBook);

bookList.setSize(curSize+1);

System.out.println("新增书籍成功");

}

}

10.BorrowOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.Book;

import booksystem.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("借阅书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要借阅的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize()){

System.out.println("未找到指定的书籍，无法借阅！");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(currentBook.isBorrowed()){

System.out.println("该书籍已经被借出！");

return;

}

bookList.getBook(i).setBorrowed(true);

System.out.println("借书成功！");

}

}

11.DelOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DelOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("删除书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要删除的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize()){

System.out.println("您输入的书籍在+"+name+"在系统中没有找到！删除失败！");

return;

}

if(i==bookList.getSize()-1)

{

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

return;

}

bookList.setBook(i,bookList.getBook(bookList.getSize()-1));

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

}

}

13.ExitOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

http://System.exit(0);

}

}

14.FindOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

System.exit(0);

}

}

15.ReturnOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

import booksystem.Book;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList){

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("归还书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要还的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

Book book=bookList.getBook(i);

if(book.getName().equals(i))

{

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize())

{

System.out.println("书籍没有找到，无法归还");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(!currentBook.isBorrowed())

{

System.out.println("这本书没有借出，无法归还");

}

currentBook.setBorrowed(false);

System.out.println("归还书籍成功");

return;

}

}

四、编程截图及测试图

包和类放置图

运行截图

{

if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize()){

System.out.println("未找到指定的书籍，无法借阅！");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(currentBook.isBorrowed()){

System.out.println("该书籍已经被借出！");

return;

}

bookList.getBook(i).setBorrowed(true);

System.out.println("借书成功！");

}

}

11.DelOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DelOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("删除书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要删除的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize()){

System.out.println("您输入的书籍在+"+name+"在系统中没有找到！删除失败！");

return;

}

if(i==bookList.getSize()-1)

{

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

return;

}

bookList.setBook(i,bookList.getBook(bookList.getSize()-1));

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

}

}

13.ExitOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

http://System.exit(0);

}

}

14.FindOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

System.exit(0);

}

}

15.ReturnOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

import booksystem.Book;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList){

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("归还书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要还的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

Book book=bookList.getBook(i);

if(book.getName().equals(i))

{

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize())

{

System.out.println("书籍没有找到，无法归还");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(!currentBook.isBorrowed())

{

System.out.println("这本书没有借出，无法归还");

}

currentBook.setBorrowed(false);

System.out.println("归还书籍成功");

return;

}

}

四、编程截图及测试图

包和类放置图

运行截图

{

if(bookList.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize()){

System.out.println("您输入的书籍在+"+name+"在系统中没有找到！删除失败！");

return;

}

if(i==bookList.getSize()-1)

{

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

return;

}

bookList.setBook(i,bookList.getBook(bookList.getSize()-1));

bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()-1);

System.out.println("删除成功！");

}

}

13.ExitOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

http://System.exit(0);

}

}

14.FindOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList)

{

System.out.println("退出程序");

System.exit(0);

}

}

15.ReturnOperation

package booksystem.operation;

import booksystem.BookList;

import booksystem.Book;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{

@Override

public void work(BookList bookList){

Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("归还书籍");

System.out.println("请输入要还的书籍的名称");

String name=scanner.next();

int i=0;

for(;i

{

Book book=bookList.getBook(i);

if(book.getName().equals(i))

{

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize())

{

System.out.println("书籍没有找到，无法归还");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(!currentBook.isBorrowed())

{

System.out.println("这本书没有借出，无法归还");

}

currentBook.setBorrowed(false);

System.out.println("归还书籍成功");

return;

}

}

四、编程截图及测试图

包和类放置图

运行截图

{

Book book=bookList.getBook(i);

if(book.getName().equals(i))

{

break;

}

}

if(i>=bookList.getSize())

{

System.out.println("书籍没有找到，无法归还");

return;

}

Book currentBook=bookList.getBook(i);

if(!currentBook.isBorrowed())

{

System.out.println("这本书没有借出，无法归还");

}

currentBook.setBorrowed(false);

System.out.println("归还书籍成功");

return;

}

}

四、编程截图及测试图

包和类放置图

运行截图

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