群集架构篇

网友投稿 217 2022-11-12

群集架构篇

——nginx反向代理+keepalived双机热备+tomcat服务器池+后端数据库

目录第一部分环境准备第二部分部署调度器—搭建Nginx+Keepalived（双机热备）第三部分部署服务器池—搭建Tomcat第四部分搭建Mysql数据库第五部分案例应用

第一部分环境准备

一：Nginx+keepalived服务器两台（调度器，双机热备）系统：Linux—CentOS7.4IP地址：192.168.40.15192.168.40.16软件需求：nginx安装包（nginx-1.13.9.tar.gz）Keepalived安装包（keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz）

二：tomcat服务器两台（服务器池）系统：Linux—CentOS7.4IP地址：192.168.40.18（TM01）192.168.40.19（TM02）软件需求：java环境jdk包（jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz）tomcat安装包（apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz）SL会员商城项目软件包（SLSaleSystem.tar.gz）

三：Mysql服务器一台系统：Linux-CentOS7.4IP地址：192.168.40.30软件需求：mysql安装包（mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz）SL会员商场数据库文件（slsaledb-2014-4-10.sql）

四：客户端一台，以本机为例，测试验证用IP地址：192.168.40.12//Linux系统信息

第二部分部署调度器—搭建Nginx+Keepalived（双机热备）

//以下在两台Nginx调度服务器上操作

第一步：配置主服务器（192.168.40.15）

-------安装nginx服务-------[root@lvs01 ~]# yum install -y \ //安装编译工具及插件

gcc \gcc-c++ \make \openssl-devel \zlib-devel \pcre-devel[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx //添加帐号[root@localhost ~]# tar vxf nginx-1.13.9.tar.gz //解压nginx安装包[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.13.9[root@localhost ~ nginx-1.13.9]# ./configure \ //个性化配置--user=nginx \--group=nginx \--with-file-aio \--with-\--with-\--with-\--with-\--with-nginx-1.13.9]# make //编译[root@localhost nginx-1.13.9]# make install //安装//以下编译nginx主配置文件[root@localhost nginx-1.13.9]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confuser nginx nginx;worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {worker_connections 1024;}

{include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$' '"$"$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; add_header X-Server $hostname; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; server_name_in_redirect off; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 60; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 128k; client_max_body_size 512m; open_file_cache max=65535 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; gzip on; gzip_static on; gzip_1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_min_length 1024; gzip_vary on; gzip_types text/plain text/javascript application/x-javascript text/css text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss;

server_tokens off;fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;fastcgi_send_timeout 300;fastcgi_read_timeout 300;fastcgi_buffer_size 512k;fastcgi_buffers 6 512k;fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 512k;fastcgi_intercept_errors on;client_body_buffer_size 128k;

proxy_connect_timeout 600; proxy_read_timeout 600; proxy_send_timeout 600; proxy_buffer_size 32k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 2m; proxy_ignore_client_abort on; proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/cache_temp levels=2:2

keys_zone=cache_temp:128m inactive=30m max_size=2g;proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;include /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;

server { listen 80; server_name localhost; charset UTF-8; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; }

}保存退出//以下编辑子配置文件[root@localhost nginx-1.13.9]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/[root@localhost conf]# mkdir conf.d[root@localhost conf]# cd conf.d/[root@localhostconf.d]# vi lvs01.conf //新建子配置文件server {listen 80;server_name localhost 192.168.40.15; #服务器名称与IP地址index index.html index.jsp;root /usr/local/nginx/html;access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/tomcat.aa.com_access.log main;location ~ ..jsp$ {index index.jsp;proxy_set_header HOST $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header Client-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_pass ~ ..(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {expires 30d;proxy_pass ~ .*.(js|css)?$ {expires 1h;proxy_pass conf.d]# vi pool.conf //创建服务器池upstream center_pool { #默认轮询server 192.168.40.18:8080;server 192.168.40.19:8080;}//制作启动脚本[root@localhost conf.d]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: 35 99 20# description: Nginx Service Control Script**

PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"case "$1" instart)$PROG;;stop)kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF);;restart)$0 stop$0 start;;reload)kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF);;*)echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"exit 1esacexit 0

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/[root@localhost conf.d]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx //增加执行权限[root@localhost conf.d]# chkconfig --add nginx //加入系统管理服务[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx start //启动nginx服务[root@localhost conf.d]# netstat -anpt | grep 80

-------------部署keepalived-----------[root@localhost conf.d]# yum -y install \popt-devel \kernel-devel \openssl-devel[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz[root@localhost ~]# cd keepalived-1.4.2[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/ //配置[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# make && make install //编译与安装[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# systemctl enable keepalived //设置开机自启//以下编辑keepalived配置文件[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# cd /etc/keepalived/[root@localhost keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {route_id NGINX-01}vrrp_script nginx {script "/opt/nginx.sh"interval 2weight -10}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTERinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 150advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}track_script {nginx}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.40.100}}//注意，主备的优先级配置的相差50

//判断keepalived进程是否存在，在就启动nginx不在就关闭[root@localhost keepalived]# vi /opt/nginx.sh #!/bin/bash #Filename:nginx.shA=$(ps -ef | grep keepalived | grep -v grep | wc -l)if [ $A -gt 0 ]; then/etc/init.d/nginx startelse/etc/init.d/nginx stopFi[root@localhost keepalived]# chmod +x /opt/nginx.sh[root@localhost keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show dev ens33 //查看漂移地址是否生成

[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status nginx[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status keeplived

---------------测试验证------------[root@localhost ]# systemctl stop keepalived //关闭keepalived服务[root@localhost ]# systemctl status keepalived //查看其状态[root@localhost ]# ip addr show dev ens33 //查看漂移地址是否还在

[root@lvs01 keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived //开启keepalived服务[root@lvs01 keepalived]# netstat -anpt | grep 80 //nginx随keepalived启动

//验证成功

第二步：配置从服务器（192.168.40.16）

-------安装nginx服务-------[root@lvs01 ~]# yum install -y \ //安装编译工具及插件

#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {worker_connections 1024;}

{include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;

keys_zone=cache_temp:128m inactive=30m max_size=2g;proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;include /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;

server { listen 80; server_name localhost; charset UTF-8; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; }

}保存退出//以下编辑子配置文件[root@localhost nginx-1.13.9]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/[root@localhost conf]# mkdir conf.d[root@localhost conf]# cd conf.d/[root@localhostconf.d]# vi lvs01.conf //新建子配置文件server {listen 80;server_name localhost 192.168.40.16; #服务器名称与IP地址index index.html index.jsp;root /usr/local/nginx/html;access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/tomcat.aa.com_access.log main;location ~ ..jsp$ {index index.jsp;proxy_set_header HOST $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header Client-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_pass ~ ..(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {expires 30d;proxy_pass ~ .*.(js|css)?$ {expires 1h;proxy_pass conf.d]# vi pool.conf //创建服务器池upstream center_pool { #默认轮询server 192.168.40.18:8080;server 192.168.40.19:8080;}//制作启动脚本[root@localhost conf.d]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: 35 99 20# description: Nginx Service Control Script***PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"case "$1" instart)$PROG;;stop)kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF);;restart)$0 stop$0 start;;reload)kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF);;)echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"exit 1esacexit 0

-------------部署keepalived-----------[root@localhost conf.d]# yum -y install \popt-devel \kernel-devel \openssl-devel[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz[root@localhost ~]# cd keepalived-1.4.2[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/ //配置[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# make && make install //编译与安装[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# cp keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# systemctl enable keepalived //设置开机自启//以下编辑keepalived配置文件（注意和主服务器不同之处）[root@localhost keepalived-1.4.2]# cd /etc/keepalived/[root@localhost keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {route_id NGINX-02}vrrp_script nginx {script "/opt/nginx.sh"interval 2weight -10}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUPinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 100advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}track_script {nginx}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.40.100}}//注意，主备的优先级配置的相差50//判断keepalived进程是否存在，在就启动nginx不在就关闭[root@localhost keepalived]# vi /opt/nginx.sh #!/bin/bash#Filename:nginx.shA=$(ip addr | grep 192.168.40.100/32 | grep -v grep | wc -l)if [ $A -gt 0 ]; then/etc/init.d/nginx startelse/etc/init.d/nginx stopfi[root@localhost keepalived]# chmod +x /opt/nginx.sh[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start keepalived

----------测试验证----------一：查看从服务器状态[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show dev ens33 //查看漂移地址

//由于主服务器在运行，漂移地址并未同步过来

二：模拟主服务故障

主服务器[root@localhost ~]#systemctl stop keepalived[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status keepalived[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show dev ens33

//漂流地址已经不在此服务器上

2.从服务器[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status nginx[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status keepalived

[root@localhost ~]#ip addr show dev ens33

//服务器检测到虚拟地址，nginx服务自动启动开始工作

三：模拟主服务器恢复工作

主服务器

[root@localhost ~]#systemctl start keepalived[root@localhost ~]#ip addr show dev ens33

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 80

//主服务器已恢复工作

从服务器[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show dev ens33

//漂移地址自动移除//nginx自动停止服务//双机热备验证成功

第三部分部署服务器池—搭建Tomcat

//以下在两台tomcat服务器上操作第一步：部署第一个节点服务器TM01（192.168.40.18）----------部署java环境，jdk---------[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz //解压jdk[root@localhost ~]# cp -r jdk1.8.0_144/ /usr/local/java //创建java源目录[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile最后添加以下内容：export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/javaexport JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jreexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/binexport CLASSPATH=./:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib保存退出[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile //立即生效[root@localhost ~]# java –version //查看版本

//java环境部署完成

----------部署tomcat----------[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz //解压apache-tomcat[root@localhost ~]# cp -r apache-tomcat-8.5.23 /usr/local/tomcat8 //创建tomcat源目录//做个软链接，使tomcat开启与关闭更加方便[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/startup.sh /usr/bin/tomcatup[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh /usr/bin/tomcatdown[root@localhost ~]# tomcatup //开启tomcat[root@localhost ~ ]# tomcatdown //关闭 Tomcat[root@localhost ~]# tomcatup //再次开启tomcat//目的是防止Tomcat没有开启报错是在Tomcatdown上报error[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anput | grep 80

-----------验证------------

真机下访问默认主页：~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp添加一行内容：

保存退出[root@localhost ~ ]# tomcatdown //关闭 Tomcat[root@localhost ~]# tomcatup //开启tomcat//再次访问默认主页~]# tar xvf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz //解压jdk[root@localhost~]# cp -r jdk1.8.0_144/ /usr/local/java //创建java源目录[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile最后添加以下内容：export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/javaexport JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jreexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/binexport CLASSPATH=./:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib保存退出[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile //立即生效[root@localhost ~]# java –version //查看版本

//java环境部署完成

-----------验证------------

真机下访问默认主页：~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp添加一行内容：

保存退出[root@localhost ~ ]# tomcatdown //关闭 Tomcat[root@localhost ~]# tomcatup //开启tomcat//再次访问默认主页搭建Mysql数据库

//以下在mysql数据库上操作（192.168.40.30）一：安装编译工具与插件[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install \

gcc \gcc-c++ \make \ncurses \ncurses-devel \bison \cmake

二：建立数据库程序用户[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

三：解压mysql安装包[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz –C /opt/

四：配置（个性化配置及优化项目）[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ //定义安装目录-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ //连接数据库socket路径-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ //指定初始化参数文件目录（my.cnf）-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \ //数据库目录-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ //指定默认使用的字符集编码-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ //指定默认使用的字符集校对规则，utf8_general_ci是适用于UTF-8字符集的通用规则-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ //支持InnoDB引擎-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ //安装支持数据库分区-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \-DWITH_BOOST=boost \-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

五：编译与安装[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make install

//对数据库目录进行权限配置[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

六：编辑Mysql主配置文件[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# vi /etc/my.cnf（里面内容全部删除，替换成以下内容）[client]port = 3306 default-character-set=utf8socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]port = 3306default-character-set=utf8socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]user = mysqlbasedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /usr/local/mysql/dataport = 3306character_set_server=utf8pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pidsocket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sockserver-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES//保存退出

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf //配置文件属主与属组

七：设置环境变量[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile//把这两个路径添加到环境变量中，并放到profile文件中使之开机自运行，否则不生效root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile//设为全局变量，使它使用环境更广[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# source /etc/profile //立即生效

八：初始化数据库[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld \

--initialize-insecure \--user=mysql \--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

九：开启Mysql服务[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -anpt | grep 3306 //查看服务运行状态

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld //设为开机启动

十：访问数据库操作[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123" //给root账号设置密码为abc123注意：提示输入的是原始密码（原始没有密码，直接回车）[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p //登录数据库注意：有密码的加“-p”,如果没有密码不用加“-p”

//数据库安装配置成功，退出则输入”quit“

第五部分案例应用

第一步：Tomcat服务器下操作（两台tomcat都要操作）[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat8/conf/[root@localhost conf]# vi server.xml在/Host name下面新增一行：

保存退出

第二步：在mysql服务器上操作[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p //登录数据库，输入密码abc123create database slsaledb; //创建数据库slsaledbGRANT all ON slsaledb.* TO 'testuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123'; //授权testuser用户(密码为admin123)拥有slsaledb数据库的所有权限flush privileges; //刷新权限

quit 退出[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p < slsaledb-2014-4-10.sql //上传slsaledb数据库//用root进数据库查看

TOM01（192.168.40.18）：[root@localhost ~]# tar xf SLSaleSystem.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/SLSaleSystem/WEB-INF/classes[root@localhost1 classes]# vi jdbc.properties

保存退出

TOM02（192.168.40.19）：[root@localhost ~]# tar xf SLSaleSystem.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat8/webapps/SLSaleSystem/WEB-INF/classes[root@localhost classes]# vi jdbc.properties

保存退出

第四步：验证一：验证tomcat连接真机下访问：在server上面加上此命令vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confupstream tomcat_pool {server 192.168.40.18:8080;server 192.168.40.19:8080; ip_hash; }访问：http://192.168.80.100/index.jsp

标签：工具

暂时没有评论，来抢沙发吧~

群集架构篇

linux cpu占用率如何看

宝塔数据库如何清理缓存

oracle怎么创建存储过程

推荐文章

api接口有哪几种分类及功能

什么是API接口?API接口简单介绍

短信API接口概述，短信API接口的优势

7款快递物流的物流查询API工具，物流快递查询API接口怎么对接？

企业四要素: 了解企业经营成功的关键

什么是语音验证码?,语音验证码平台有哪些

全国工商查询系统怎么查企业名录

哪些平台提供实名认证的接口？

PHP如何调用API接口?

如何使用百度天气预报API接口?

最近发表

热评文章

数据接口api（数据接口API开发平台）

数据开放接口api（数据服务api开发）

Python爬虫教程：爬取酷狗音乐（python爬取

hbuilder怎么更改字体大小和颜色

直播平台api接口 - 构建卓越的直播平台

实时股票数据api接口（股票实时行情api接口）