网络必备——动态路由（默认路由+静态+OSPF+RIP综合实验）

网络必备——动态路由（默认路由+静态+OSPF+RIP综合实验）

本章目的：全网互通，R2设置静态路由，R2和R3在AREA1区域中使用OSPF协议 ，R3设置默认路由回来，R4和R5使用RIP协议

本章环境：GNS3,5台路由器，4台主机，1个外部网.

实验图：

路由器接口地址

R1： f0/0（192.168.10.1/24） f0/1（192.168.20.1/24） R2： f0/1（192.168.20.2/24） f0/0（192.168.30.1/24） R3： f0/0（192.168.30.2/24） f0/1（192.168.40.1/24） f1/0（12.0.0.1/24） f2/0（192.168.70.1/24） R4： f0/1（192.168.50.1/24） f0/0（192.168.40.2/24） R6： f0/1（192.168.60.1/24） f0/0（192.168.50.2/24）

2.外部网地址：

R5： f0/0（12.0.0.2/24） f0/1（13.0.0.1/24）

3.客户端地址：

PC机1：（192.168.10.2/24） PC机2：（192.168.70.2/24） PC机3：（13.0.0.13/24） PC机4：（192.168.60.2/24）

R3的路由器要多加一块单板

1.配置R1路由器

R1#conf t //进入全局模式 Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R1(config)#int f0/0 //进入接口 R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 //设置地址 R1(config-if)#no shut //开启 R1(config-if)#ex R1(config)#int f0/1 R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#ex R1(config)#do show ip route //查看路由表 Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 192.168.20.2 to network 0.0.0.0 C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 //直连网段 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 //直连网段 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.20.2 //默认网络

2.配置R2路由器接口地址

R2#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2(config)#int f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex R2(config)#int f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex

3.配置R2静态路由和OSPF协议

R2(config)#router ospf 1 //进入OSPF协议1进程 在协议里一定要在同一个进程 R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 //设置路由器router-id R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 //宣告30网段再骨干区域area1中 R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets //将R2直连的网段注入进来 R2(config-router)#redistribute static subnets //将 静态路由的10网段注入进来 R2(config-router)#ex R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1 //设置静态路由 网段，子网掩码，下一跳地址 R2(config)#do show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S 192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.20.1 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

4.配置R3接口地址

R3 R3#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R3(config)#int f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f1/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#int f2/0 R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.70.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#ex

5.配置R3默认路由和OSPF协议

R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.2 将R3设置成默认路由 R3(config)#router ospf 1 //开启OSPF进程1 R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 //设置路由router-id R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 宣告30网段在area 1区域中 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 宣告40网段在area 0区域中 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.70.0 0.0.0.255 area 0宣告70网段在area 0区域中 R3(config-router)#ex R3(config)#do show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 12.0.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0 C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:00:49, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:00:49, FastEthernet0/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 C 192.168.70.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.0.0.2

6.配置R4接口地址

R4#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R4(config)#int f0/0 R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#int f0/1 R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#ex

7.配置R4RIP协议，注入OSPF协议

R4(config)#router rip //进入rip协议 R4(config-router)#ver 2 //使用2版本协议 R4(config-router)#no auto-summary //关闭路由汇总 R4(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 //宣告网段 R4(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 //在rip协议中注入OSPF协议 R4(config-router)#router ospf 1 //开启OSPF进程1 R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4 R4(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R4(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets R4(config-router)#ex R4(config)#do show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 192.168.40.1 to network 0.0.0.0 O IA 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 O 192.168.70.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.40.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0 O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.40.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0

8.配置R6接口地址

R6#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R6(config)#int f0/0 R6(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#int f0/1 R6(config-if)#ip add 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#ex

9.配置R6RIP协议

R6(config)#router rip R6(config-router)#ver 2 R6(config-router)#no auto-summary R6(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 R6(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 R6(config-router)#ex R6(config)#do show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 192.168.50.1 to network 0.0.0.0 R 192.168.30.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.40.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.70.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0 R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/0

10.配置R5外部网默认路由，和接口地址

R5R5#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R5(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 12.0.0.1 //设置成默认路由 R5(config)#int f0/0 R5(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#int f0/1 R5(config-if)#ip add 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#ex R5(config)#do show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 13.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 S 192.168.0.0/16 [1/0] via 12.0.0.1

11.给四台主机配好地址

PC1> ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1 PC2> ip 192.168.70.2 192.168.70.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.70.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.70.1 PC3> ip 13.0.0.13 13.0.0.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 13.0.0.13 255.255.255.0 gateway 13.0.0.1 PC号主机> ip 192.168.60.2 192.168.60.1 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.60.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.60.1

12.验证一下是不是全网互通

PC1> ping 192.168.70.2 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=2 timeout 84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=62.159 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=62.159 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=66.171 ms PC1> ping 13.0.0.13 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=1 timeout 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=2 timeout 84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=3 ttl=60 time=92.298 ms 84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=4 ttl=60 time=92.248 ms 84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=5 ttl=60 time=94.935 ms PC1> ping 192.168.60.2 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout 84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=59 time=112.913 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=59 time=110.144 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=59 time=116.545 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=59 time=116.432 ms

以上就是我们的综合实验了，下一章OSPF最后一个实验虚链路。

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