k8s 1.24.x 二进制部署最新版本

k8s 1.24.x 二进制部署最新版本

标签（空格分隔）： kubernetes系列

一： 系统环境初始化

1.1 系统环境

系统： Rockylinux 8.6x64 cat /etc/hosts ---- 172.16.10.21 rockysrvs01 172.16.10.22 rockysrvs02 172.16.10.23 rockysrvs03 172.16.10.24 rockysrvs04 172.16.10.25 rockysrvs05 172.16.10.26 rockysrvs06 172.16.10.27 rockysrvs07 ----- 本次部署为前三台Rockylinux 8.6x64 rockysrvs01 做 为 master 部署 rockysrvs02 、rocksrvs03 作为worker 节点

1.2 下载工具准备

1.下载kubernetes1.24.+的二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.24.md wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.24.2/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 2.下载etcdctl二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.4/etcd-v3.5.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz 3.docker-ce二进制包下载地址 二进制包下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/ 这里需要下载20.10.+版本 wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.14.tgz 4.containerd二进制包下载 github下载地址：https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases containerd下载时下载带cni插件的二进制包。 wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.6.6/cri-containerd-cni-1.6.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz 5.下载cfssl二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 6.cni插件下载 github下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.1.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz 7.crictl客户端二进制下载 github下载：https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases wget 系统环境初始化

# 安装依赖包 yum -y install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools nfs-utils telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git network-scripts tar curl -y # 关闭防火墙 与selinux systemctl disable --now firewalld setenforce 0 sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config # 关闭交换分区 sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0 cat /etc/fstab # /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 # # 配置系统句柄数 ulimit -SHn 65535 cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <

启用ipvs yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y mkdir -p /etc/modules-load.d/ cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf <

1.5 修改内核参数

cat < /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 vm.panic_on_oom = 0 fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 89100 fs.file-max = 52706963 fs.nr_open = 52706963 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 2310720 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 15 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680 net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.core.somaxconn = 16384 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 EOF modprobe br_netfilter lsmod |grep conntrack modprobe ip_conntrack sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

二：k8s 节点安装containerd [所有节点]

2.1安装 containerd

### 加载 containerd模块 cat <

2.2 创建Containerd的配置文件

生成containerd的配置文件 mkdir /etc/containerd -p 生成配置文件 containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml 编辑配置文件 vim /etc/containerd/config.toml ----- SystemdCgroup = false 改为 SystemdCgroup = true # sandbox_image = "k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6" 改为： sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6" ------ # systemctl enable containerd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service. # systemctl start containerd ctr version runc -version

三：安装ETCD 服务

2.1 关于签名证书

wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget chmod +x cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 mv cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl mv cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson mv cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s} cd ~/TLS/etcd 自签CA： cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "{ "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd CA", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing" } ] } EOF 生成证书： cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - 会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件

2. 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书 创建证书申请文件： cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "172.16.10.21", "172.16.10.22", "172.16.10.23", "172.16.10.24", "172.16.10.25", "172.16.10.26", "172.16.10.27", "172.16.10.28", "172.16.10.29", "172.16.10.200" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing" } ] } EOF 注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 生成证书： cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server 会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。

2.2 部署etcd

1. Etcd 的概念： Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。 下载地址： https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases 以下在节点1上操作，为简化操作，待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.

2. 安装配置etcd mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p tar zxvf etcd-v3.5.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz mv etcd-v3.5.4-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

rockysrvs01 etcd 配置文件 cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.21:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.21:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.21:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.21:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.21:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.22:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.23:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" EOF --- ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

3. systemd管理etcd cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Etcd Server After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \ --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --logger=zap Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

4. 拷贝刚才生成的证书 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径： cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

5. 同步所有主机 scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@172.16.10.22:/opt/ scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@172.16.10.23:/opt/ scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@172.16.10.22:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@172.16.10.23:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

rockysrvs02 etcd vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ----- #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-2" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.22:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.22:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.22:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.22:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.21:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.22:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.23:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" ----

rockysrvs03 etcd vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ---- #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-3" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.23:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.23:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.23:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.23:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.21:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.22:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.23:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" -----

6. 启动etcd: systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start etcd systemctl enable etcd

验证： ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="endpoint health --write-out=table

四：部署 kubernetes

4.1 关于k8s 最新版本的下载

1. 从Github下载二进制文件 下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.24.md 注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

4.2 创建k8s 的kube-apiserver证书

创建k8s 的kube-apiserver证书 cd ~/TLS/k8s cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF 生成证书： cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - 会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。

2. 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书 创建证书申请文件： cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "10.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1", "172.16.10.21", "172.16.10.22", "172.16.10.23", "172.16.10.24", "172.16.10.25", "172.16.10.26", "172.16.10.27", "172.16.10.28", "172.16.10.29", "172.16.10.200", "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF 注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server 会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。

4.3 部署k8s1.24.2

4. 部署k8s1.24.2 4.1 解压二进制包 mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin cp kubectl /usr/bin/ cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/

4.3.1 部署kube-apiserver

#1. 部署kube-apiserver # 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --etcd-servers=\\ --bind-address=172.16.10.21 \\ --secure-port=6443 \\ --advertise-address=172.16.10.21 \\ --allow-privileged=true \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --enable-admission-plugins=NodeRestriction \\ --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\ --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\ --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\ --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --service-account-issuer=api \\ --service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\ --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\ --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\ --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\ --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\ --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\ --enable-aggregator-routing=true \\ --audit-log-maxage=30 \\ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\ --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log" EOF

注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。 • --logtostderr：启用日志 • ---v：日志等级 • --log-dir：日志目录 • --etcd-servers：etcd集群地址 • --bind-address：监听地址 • --secure-port：https安全端口 • --advertise-address：集群通告地址 • --allow-privileged：启用授权 • --service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段 • --enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块 • --authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理 • --enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制 • --token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件 • --service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围 • --kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书 • --tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书 • 1.20版本必须加的参数：--service-account-issuer，--service-account-signing-key-file • --etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书 • --audit-log-xxx：审计日志 • 启动聚合层相关配置：--requestheader-client-ca-file，--proxy-client-cert-file，--proxy-client-key-file，--requestheader-allowed-names，--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，--requestheader-group-headers，--requestheader-username-headers，--enable-aggregator-routing

2. 拷贝刚才生成的证书 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径： cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

3. 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制 TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。

创建上述配置文件中token文件： cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper" EOF 格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组 token也可自行生成替换： head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

4. systemd管理apiserver cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

5. 启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl enable kube-apiserver

4.3.2 部署kube-controller-manager

1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --leader-elect=true \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\ --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\ --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s" EOF

•--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件 •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA） •--cluster-signing-cert-file/--cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

2. 生成kubeconfig文件 生成kube-controller-manager证书： # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager

生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \ --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \ --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-controller-manager \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

3. systemd管理controller-manager cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

4. 启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

4.3.3 部署kube-scheduler

部署kube-scheduler 1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --leader-elect \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1" EOF •--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件 •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

2. 生成kubeconfig文件 生成kube-scheduler证书： # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-scheduler", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler

生成kubeconfig文件： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \ --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \ --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-scheduler \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

3. systemd管理scheduler cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

4. 启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-scheduler systemctl enable kube-scheduler

4.3.4 查看集群状态

查看集群状态 生成kubectl连接集群的证书： cat > admin-csr.json <

生成kubeconfig文件： mkdir /root/.kube KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \ --client-certificate=./admin.pem \ --client-key=./admin-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=cluster-admin \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态： kubectl get cs NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Healthy ok controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"} 如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。

授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书 kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \ --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \ --user=kubelet-bootstrap

五：部署worker节点

5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

在所有worker node创建工作目录： mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 从master节点拷贝： cd /root/k8s-install-software cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝

5.2 部署kubelet

5.2.1 创建配置文件

1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --hostname-override=rockysrvs01 \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\ --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\ --container-runtime=remote \\ --runtime-request-timeout=15m \\ --container-runtime-endpoint=unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock \\ --cgroup-driver=systemd \\ --node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' \\ --feature-gates=IPv6DualStack=true EOF

5.2.2 配置参数文件

2. 配置参数文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeletConfiguration apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 address: 0.0.0.0 port: 10250 readOnlyPort: 10255 cgroupDriver: cgroupfs clusterDNS: - 10.0.0.2 clusterDomain: cluster.local failSwapOn: false authentication: anonymous: enabled: false webhook: cacheTTL: 2m0s enabled: true x509: clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem authorization: mode: Webhook webhook: cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s evictionHard: imagefs.available: 15% memory.available: 100Mi nodefs.available: 10% nodefs.inodesFree: 5% maxOpenFiles: 1000000 maxPods: 110 EOF

5.2.3 生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件

生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件 KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="# apiserver IP:PORT TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致 # 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \ --token=${TOKEN} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

5.2.4 systemd管理kubelet

4. systemd管理kubelet cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet After=docker.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

5.2.5 启动kubelet

启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet systemctl enable kubelet

5.2.6 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群 # 查看kubelet证书请求 [root@rocksrvs01 bin]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR REQUESTEDDURATION CONDITION node-csr-25lWqzBCO_K-97mQaHJ7GIArqwcAgBCTEMWJWsBK5R0 73s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending # 批准申请 kubectl certificate approve node-csr-25lWqzBCO_K-97mQaHJ7GIArqwcAgBCTEMWJWsBK5R0 # 查看节点 [root@rocksrvs01 bin]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION rockysrvs01 NotReady 9s v1.24.2 注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

六：部署kube-proxy

6.1 1. 创建配置文件

1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml" EOF

6.1.2 配置文件参数

2. 配置参数文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeProxyConfiguration apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1 bindAddress: 0.0.0.0 metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249 clientConnection: kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig hostnameOverride: rockysrvs01 clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 mode: ipvs ipvs: scheduler: "rr" iptables: masqueradeAll: true EOF

6.1.3 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

3. 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件 # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy 生成kubeconfig文件： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \ --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \ --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-proxy \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

6.1.4 systemd管理kube-proxy

4. systemd管理kube-proxy cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Proxy After=network.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

6.1.5 启动kube-proxy

5. 启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-proxy systemctl enable kube-proxy

七： 部署calico网络

7.1 部署calico

网络组件有很多种，只需要部署其中一个即可，推荐Calico。 Calico是一个纯三层的数据中心网络方案，Calico支持广泛的平台，包括Kubernetes、OpenStack等。 Calico 在每一个计算节点利用 Linux Kernel 实现了一个高效的虚拟路由器（ vRouter） 来负责数据转发，而每个 vRouter 通过 BGP 协议负责把自己上运行的 workload 的路由信息向整个 Calico 网络内传播。 此外，Calico 项目还实现了 Kubernetes 网络策略，提供ACL功能。 1.下载Calico wget --no-check-certificate vim +4434 calico.yaml ... - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR value: "10.244.0.0/16" ...

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

kubectl get pod -n kube-system

kubectl get node

7.2 授权apiserver访问kubelet

应用场景：例如kubectl logs cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet rules: - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/proxy - nodes/stats - nodes/log - nodes/spec - nodes/metrics - pods/log verbs: - "*" --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: system:kube-apiserver namespace: "" roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: User name: kubernetes EOF kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

八：新增加一个worker node

8.1 同步配置文件

1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点 在Master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点172.16.10.22/23 scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@172.16.10.22:/opt/ scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@172.16.10.22:/opt/kubernetes/ssl scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@172.16.10.22:/usr/lib/systemd/system scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@172.16.10.23:/opt/ scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@172.16.10.23:/opt/kubernetes/ssl scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@172.16.10.23:/usr/lib/systemd/system

8.2 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件

2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet* rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/logs/* 注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除

7.3 修改主机名 [改节点的主机名]

3. 修改主机名 [改节点的主机名] vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf --hostname-override=rockyhsrvs02 vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml hostnameOverride: rockysrvs02

8.4 启动并设置开机启动

4. 启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy

7.5 在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请

# 查看证书请求 kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR REQUESTEDDURATION CONDITION node-csr-25lWqzBCO_K-97mQaHJ7GIArqwcAgBCTEMWJWsBK5R0 24m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued node-csr-IrimTixAKWkzkxRoW16AGysidwphRdQ_3gtFMqCHk2I 72s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending node-csr-sGMTxy2cYJAQd7FTISafSg42_1x8AEftun8nFZsaoU0 76s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending # 授权请求 kubectl certificate approve node-csr-IrimTixAKWkzkxRoW16AGysidwphRdQ_3gtFMqCHk2I kubectl certificate approve node-csr-sGMTxy2cYJAQd7FTISafSg42_1x8AEftun8nFZsaoU0

7.6 查看集群节点

kubectl get pod -n kube-system kubectl get node

九：部署Dashboard和CoreDNS

9.1 部署dashborad

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cby-chen/Kubernetes/main/yaml/dashboard.yaml 目前最新版本v2.6.0 vim dashboard.yaml ---- spec: ports: - port: 443 targetPort: 8443 nodePort: 30001 type: NodePort selector: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard ---- kubectl apply -f dashborad.yaml

kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

创建用户： wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cby-chen/Kubernetes/main/yaml/dashboard-user.yaml kubectl apply -f dashboard-user.yaml

创建token kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user

3.7 登录浏览器访问

https://172.16.10.21:30001 输入token： ---- eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IloweWt5a3B0M1V1b1VmY05fSmp4a2tDaGlkVVdKdVZiclpFbEpXNFVJZ0UifQ.eyJhdWQiOlsiYXBpIl0sImV4cCI6MTY1NTY5ODQwOCwiaWF0IjoxNjU1Njk0ODA4LCJpc3MiOiJhcGkiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvIjp7Im5hbWVzcGFjZSI6Imt1YmVybmV0ZXMtZGFzaGJvYXJkIiwic2VydmljZWFjY291bnQiOnsibmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJ1aWQiOiJiNGM5ZGM3Yy1hZGMzLTQ1MDYtODdkOC0yY2ZjYjY5YmIwNWMifX0sIm5iZiI6MTY1NTY5NDgwOCwic3ViIjoic3lzdGVtOnNlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Omt1YmVybmV0ZXMtZGFzaGJvYXJkOmFkbWluLXVzZXIifQ.duaQMO8KZ0Pu57FQFw_Njd5MAqZccw3Bx9XFPR5WRbGsKiiGUPcC3zwoaFKVGKB5wvJ_jLkJqaTyGDPQNCsvmrcRPdweFPzmElrKjFH4vVRc3F0SqBztRY5nL28P0ZEnoQ5NT2msU8_U7GmZJvZ398_54HVcFDGqmo9QbGROj57-uEduwS9bhtSZRPHbY-kVeoFrpC6MMhTv_Lbgcdoq2JxIENJlrIJSgorX7MKTY0fkky1D72c1ko-lfMeDiM4YJJPCh4FlnikjOdh1WZ0FozpGwjzEYNPngdxNk2YIfFepCgn5Z3kKKOQf4Cc-up3DP7nhHpBrQ56aNTWF-YA5zQ ---

9.2 部署CoreDNS

CoreDNS用于集群内部Service名称解析。 kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh

9.3 创建一个nginx 测试

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort kubectl get deploy,svc,pod

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