Python 面向对象设计 - 腾讯即时通信以及微信示例

Python 面向对象设计 - 腾讯即时通信以及微信示例

面向对象设计

继承 - 是基于Python中的属性查找(如X.name)多态 - 在X.method方法中，method的意义取决于X的类型封装 - 方法和运算符实现行为，数据隐藏默认是一种惯例

参考实例

腾讯即时通信模块,初级封装

#! /usr/bin/env python# coding: utf-8import randomimport timeclass Message(object): def __init__(self, msgarr=[], toacc=''): self.msgbody = msgarr # 此处为MsgDict对象实例的列表或者空列表 self.toacc = toacc # toacc为字符串(单发)或者列表(批量发) self.msgrandom = random.randint(1, 1000000000) self.msgrequest = { 'To_Account': toacc, # 消息接收方账号 'MsgRandom': self.msgrandom, # 消息随机数，由随机函数产生 'MsgBody': [t.msg for t in msgarr] } def del_option(self, option): if option in (set(self.msgrequest)-set(['To_Account', 'MsgRandom', 'MsgBody'])): self.__dict__.pop(option) self.msgrequest.pop(option) def append_msg(self, msg): self.msgbody.append(msg) self.msgrequest['MsgBody'].append(msg.msg) def insert_msg(self, index, msg): self.msgbody.insert(index, msg) self.msgrequest['MsgBody'].insert(msg.msg) def del_msg(self, index): if index in range(len(self.msgbody)): del self.msgbody[index] del sel.msgrequest['MsgBody'][index] def set_from(self, fromacc): # 指定消息的发送方，默认为服务器发送 self.fromacc = fromacc self.msgrequest['From_Account'] = fromacc def set_to(self, toacc): # 指定消息的接收方，可以为String(单发),可以为List(批量发送) self.toacc = toacc self.msgrequest['To_Account'] = toacc def refresh_random(self): self.msgrandom = random.randint(1, 1000000000) self.msgrequest['MsgRandom'] = self.msgrandom, # 消息随机数，由随机函数产生 def set_sync(self, sync): # 同步选项：1, 把消息同步到From_Account在线终端和漫游上 # 2, 消息不同步至From_Account # 若不填写，默认情况下会将消息同步 # 仅在单发单聊消息中可调用 self.sync = sync self.msgrequest['SyncOtherMachine'] = sync def set_timestamp(self): # 设置消息时间戳，unix时间, 仅在单发单聊消息中可以调用 self.timestamp = int(time.time()) self.msgrequest['MsgTimeStamp'] = self.timestamp def set_offlinepush(self, pushflag=0, desc='', ext='', sound=''): # 仅适用于APNa推送，不适用于安卓厂商推送 self.msgrequest['OfflinePushInfo'] = { 'PushFlag': pushflag, 'Desc': desc, 'Ext': ext, 'Sound': sound }class MsgDict(object): def __init__(self, msgtype='', msgcontent={}): self.msgtype = msgtype self.msgcontent = msgcontent @property def msg(self): return { 'MsgType': self.msgtype, 'MsgContent': self.msgcontent } def set_content(self, content): self.msgcontent = contentclass TextMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, text='', msgtype='TIMTextElem'): self.text = text content = {'Text': text} super(TextMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_text(self, text): self.text = text self.msgcontent['Text'] = textclass LocationMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, desc='', latitude=0, longitude=0, msgtype='TIMLocationElem'): self.desc = desc self.latitude = latitude self.longitude = longitude content = { 'Desc': desc, # 地理位置描述信息, String 'Latitude': latitude, # 纬度, Number 'Longitude': longitude # 经度, Number } super(LocationMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_desc(self, desc): self.desc = desc self.msgcontent['Desc'] = desc def set_location(self, latitude, longitude): self.latitude = latitude self.longitude = longitude self.msgcontent['Latitude'] = latitude self.msgcontent['Longitude'] = longitude def set_latitude(self, latitude): self.latitude = latitude self.msgcontent['Latitude'] = latitude def set_longitude(self, longitude): self.longitude = longitude self.msgcontent['Longitude'] = longitudeclass FaceMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, index=1, data='', msgtype='TIMFaceElem'): self.index = index self.data = data content = { 'Index': index, # 表情索引，用户自定义, Number 'Data': data # 额外数据, String } super(TextMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_index(self, index): self.index = index self.msgcontent['Index'] = index def set_data(self, data): self.data = data self.msgcontent['Data'] = dataclass CustomMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, data='', desc='', ext='', sound='', msgtype='TIMCustomElem'): self.data = data self.desc = desc self.ext = ext self.sound = sound content = { 'Data': data, # 自定义消息数据。不作为APNS的payload中字段下发，故从payload中无法获取Data字段, String 'Desc': desc, # 自定义消息描述，当接收方为iphone后台在线时，做ios离线Push时文本展示 'Ext': ext, # 扩展字段，当接收方为ios系统且应用处在后台时，此字段作为APNS请求包Payloads中的ext键值下发，Ext的协议格式由业务方确定，APNS只做透传 'Sound': sound # 自定义APNS推送铃声 } super(CustomMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_data(self, data): self.data = data self.msgcontent['Data'] = data def set_desc(self, desc): self.desc = desc self.msgcontent['Desc'] = desc def set_ext(self, ext): self.ext = ext self.msgcontent['Ext'] = ext def set_sound(self, sound): self.sound = sound self.msgcontent['Sound'] = soundclass SoundMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, uuid='', size=0, second=0, msgtype='TIMSoundElem'): self.uuid = uuid self.size = size self.second = second content = { 'UUID': uuid, # 语音序列号，后台用于索引语音的键值，String 'Size': size, # 语音数据大小, Number 'Second': second # 语音时长，单位秒 Number } super(SoundMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_uuid(self, uuid): self.uuid = uuid self.msgcontent['UUID'] = uuid def set_size(self, size): self.size = size self.msgcontent['Size'] = size def set_second(self, second): self.second = second self.msgcontent['Second'] = secondclass ImageMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, uuid='', imgformat=0, imginfo=[], msgtype='TIMImageElem'): self.uuid = uuid self.imgformat = imgformat self.imginfo = imginfo content = { 'UUID': uuid, # 图片序列号，后台用于索引语音的键值，String 'ImageFormat': imgformat, # 图片格式， BMP=1, JPG=2, GIF=3, 其他=0, Number 'ImageInfoArray': [t.info for t in imginfo] # 原图，缩略图或者大图下载信息, Array } super(ImageMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_uuid(self, uuid): self.uuid = uuid self.msgcontent['UUID'] = uuid def set_format(self, imgformat): self.imgformat = imgformat self.msgcontent['ImageFormat'] = imgformat def append_info(self, info): # info 为ImageInfo对象实例 self.imginfo.append(info) self.msgcontnet['ImageInfoArray'].append(info.info) def insert_info(self, index, info): self.imginfo.insert(index, info) self.msgcontent['ImageInfoArray'].insert(index, info.info) def del_info(self, index): del self.imginfo[index] del self.msgcontent['ImageInfoArray'][index]class FileMsg(MsgDict): def __init__(self, uuid='', size=0, name='', msgtype='TIMFileElem'): self.uuid = uuid self.size = size self.name = name content = { 'UUID': uuid, # 文件序列号，后台用于索引语音的键值，String 'FileSize': size, # 文件数据大小, Number 'FileName': name # 文件名称/路径， String } super(FileMsg, self).__init__(msgtype=msgtype, msgcontent=content) def set_uuid(self, uuid): self.uuid = uuid self.msgcontent['UUID'] = UUID def set_size(self, size): self.size = size self.msgcontent['FileSize'] = size def set_name(self, name): self.name = name self.msgcontent['FileName'] = nameclass ImageInfo(object): def __init__(self, itype=1, size=0, width=0, height=0, url=''): #图片类型， 1-原图， 2-大图， 3-缩略图, 0-其他 self.itype = itype # 图片数据大小,Number self.size = size # 图片宽度,Number self.width = width # 图片高度, Number self.height = height # 图片下载地址,String self.url = url @property def info(self): return { 'Type': self.itype, 'Size': self.size, 'Width': self.width, 'Height': self.height, 'URL': self.url } def set_type(self, itype): self.itype = itype def set_size(self, size): self.size = size def set_width(self, width): self.width = width def set_height(self, height): self.height = height def set_url(self, url): self.url = url

​​http://wechat-python-sdk.com/​​

截取部分代码，学习类的设计

思维锻炼

设计讲师和学生类，讲师有上课，备课等方法，学生有听课，做练习等方法，均有姓名、性别、年龄等基本属性 设计聊天Message类

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